Vowel normalization by 3‐year‐old children
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Non-uniform vowel normalization
A study of female-male differences in F F2: and F3 of var ious vowels within eight different languages revea ls univer sa l tendencies of departure f rom a simple uniform scaling. These have been quantified and adopted a s a basis for a vowel-category-specific normalization procedure which, on the average, reduces the female-male variance to one-half of that remaining after a simple uniform sca...
متن کاملComparing Vowel Formant Normalization Methods
Results from a large-scale comparative study of vowel formant normalization methods are presented. Effectiveness of methods was evaluated by their ability to improve the equalization and alignment of speaker vowel spaces over raw Hertz measurements. Vowel-intrinsic methods performed poorly, while vowel-extrinsic, formant-intrinsic methods performed the best overall.
متن کاملIs Vowel Normalization Independent of Lexical Processing?
Vowel normalization in speech perception was investigated in three experiments. The range of the second formant in a carrier phrase was manipulated and this affected the perception of a target vowel in a compensatory fashion: A low F2 range in the carrier phrase made it more likely that the target vowel was perceived as a front vowel, that is, with a high F2. Recent experiments indicated that t...
متن کاملEvidence for precategorical extrinsic vowel normalization.
Three experiments investigated whether extrinsic vowel normalization takes place largely at a categorical or a precategorical level of processing. Traditional vowel normalization effects in categorization were replicated in Experiment 1: Vowels taken from an [I]-[ε] continuum were more often interpreted as /I/ (which has a low first formant, F(1)) when the vowels were heard in contexts that had...
متن کاملThe Percentage of Vowel Correct Scale in Persian Speaking Children
Objectives: The Percentage of vowel correct (PVC) is one of the indices in the development of articulation and phonological skills in children that can be measured with speech samples that could be extracted from the single word or connected speech tests. The aim of this study is to introduce the PVC scale in Persian speaking children and investigate its validity and reliability. Methods: Th...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
سال: 1983
ISSN: 0001-4966
DOI: 10.1121/1.2020692